What key document is used to declare an Emergency or Major Disaster?

The Stafford Act is the key document used to declare an Emergency or Major Disaster. This legislation, enacted in 1988, provides the legal framework for federal disaster assistance and outlines the process for states to request federal disaster relief. Under the Stafford Act, the President can issue a disaster declaration, which enables the federal government to coordinate and provide resources and assistance to state and local governments dealing with the aftermath of a disaster.

The act establishes criteria for what constitutes a major disaster or emergency and the process for requesting assistance, ensuring a structured response to large-scale incidents. By providing this clear framework, the Stafford Act facilitates timely support to affected areas, enhancing overall disaster recovery efforts.